Englisch Online Lernen: Participles
GUIDELINES FOR USING PARTICIPLES
Participles are elegant, participles are ‘very English’. The hearts of English teachers jump for joy when their students use participles correctly. The bad news is, using participles correctly is difficult for EFL learners. The good news is, you can learn how to by following the following guidelines:
1) When do you use a participle? When you want to connect up two or more actions. Example: Meg hurried to meet her father. She ran all the way.
2) Where do you use a participle? You must decide which of the two actions is less important. The verb describing the less important action is turned into a participle. Example: Meg hurried to meet her father. She hurried all the way.
3) Which participle (present, past, perfect) do you use? Take a close look at the main action and the subordinate action. There are four possible constellations. For each constellation there is the appropriate participle.
1-The two actions take place at the same time. The subordinate action (verb) is active. Example: Meg hurried to meet her father. She ran all the way. = present participle: Running all the way, Meg hurried to meet her father.
2-The two actions take place at the same time. The subordinate action (verb) is passive. Example: Meg was shocked at the news, so she started crying. = past participle: Shocked at the news, Meg started crying.
3-The subordinate action takes place before the main action, the subordinate verb is active Example: After Meg had taken a shower, she changed into some fresh clothes. = perfect (active) participle: Having taken a shower, Meg changed into some fresh clothes.
4-The subordinate action takes place before the main action, the subordinate verb is passive Example: Our mailman asked for a change of route after he had been bitten by our dog. = perfect passive: Having been bitten by our dog, our mailman asked for a change of route
NOW IT’S YOUR TURN! Use appropriate participles.
1- When Sam heard the bell, he went to the classroom at once. ________________________________________________________________________
2- Sally was hurt by the mean remark, so she called her mother. ________________________________________________________________________
3-After Mr. White had parked his car, he hurried up the stairs to his office. ________________________________________________________________________
4- Lee almost started crying when he was selected to play on the all-star team. ________________________________________________________________________
Als PDF hier downloadbar
WORKSHEET WORKING WITH PARTICIPLES
Rewrite the sentences, replacing the underlined verbs with a participle. Use the twoquestion method to determine whether to use the present, past or perfect participle. Tess, a 15-year-old vagrant, is caught shoplifting and is arrested. This is what she tells the judge:
1) My father left my mother and moved to another state when I was still a child.
2) At the age of thirteen I ran away from home and became a vagrant.
3) I was searched for by the police, so I moved from place to place.
4) I did odd jobs and was able to earn enough to stay alive.
5) I was taken to the hospital when I fell and broke both legs.
6) The nurses feared that I would try to run away, so they kept an eye on me.
7) I had good food and a place to sleep, so I didn’t want to run away at first.
I stayed in the hospital for two months and was finally released a year ago.
9) I looked for work for several weeks and finally got a job washing cars.
10) I had begun to like my new job and was sad when they fired me.
11) I wandered from town to town and tried to find another job.
12) I didn’t find a job and started begging to get enough money to eat.
13) I sat in front of churches and held out my hand when people came out.
14) A man watched me a while, then asked me if I would ‘work’ for him.
15) He explained what I had to do, took me to a large store and waited outside.
16) I filled my pockets with expensive perfumes and headed for the street.
17) When my ‘boss’ had seen what I had stolen, he said he was a policeman.
18) I was shocked. I told him I would never steal anything again.
19) I was taken to the police station and had to wait two hours in a cell.
20) I was questioned about what I did, then brought to you.
Als PDF hier downloadbar
